Xiongdeng Monastery in Daocheng County, Garze
Overview
Xiongdeng Monastery (雄登寺), also known as Yangdeng Monastery (洋登寺), is situated in Rubu Township (茹布乡), approximately 10 kilometers from Daocheng County (稻城县) in Garze Prefecture (甘孜州), Sichuan Province. Nestled at an altitude of 4,105 meters, it lies southeast of Haizi Mountain (海子山). The name “Yangdeng” translates to a monastery built on a higher and more expansive grassland compared to the original monastery, which later evolved into “Xiongdeng” due to phonetic transliteration.
Historical Background
Founding of the Monastery
Before the establishment of Xiongdeng Monastery, two smaller temples, Wengeng Dama (翁更打麻) and Wengeng Xiama (翁更下麻), existed on the site. The founder, Luozhen Langji (洛珍郎吉), originally a practitioner of the Bon religion, traveled to Tibet seeking knowledge. After being turned away by the Bon master Karma Pa, he studied under the Yellow Hat sect’s master Tsongkhapa for eight years, eventually returning to Daocheng to establish the Yellow Hat sect and expand Xiongdeng Monastery. The monastery was founded in the 13th year of the Yongle era (1415), boasting a history of over 570 years and covering more than 1,100 acres.
Development of the Monastery
Initially, there were seven monks. The monastery established the “密集金刚” as its core teachings and developed strict regulations for religious practice. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu (光绪), the monastery faced challenges during the “Cultural Revolution,” suffering significant setbacks. In 1983, religious activities resumed, and by 1984, it was officially reopened. Major renovations were completed in 1990, resulting in a stunning three-story main hall covering over 3,000 square meters, featuring 88 towering pillars.
Organizational Structure
The highest authority at Xiongdeng Monastery is the “Lama Executive Council,” consisting of the most esteemed lamas who convene to discuss important matters. The council comprises various members, including high-ranking lamas and geshes, ensuring effective governance and decision-making within the monastery.
Economic Activities
Before liberation, Xiongdeng Monastery received annual support from the local community for prayer ceremonies. Its economic activities included lending, farming, and receiving donations, as well as running two pastoral lands with over a hundred dairy cows.
Religious Activities
The monastery hosts a variety of religious events throughout the year, totaling 93 days of prayer ceremonies. Key events include recitations of sacred texts and ceremonies that reflect the rich traditions of the Tibetan Buddhist practice.
Transportation
Getting There
To reach Xiongdeng Monastery, visitors can travel from Daocheng County by taxi or local bus. The nearest airport is Daocheng Yading Airport (稻城亚丁机场), which connects to major cities. From the airport, you can take a taxi to the monastery, enjoying the scenic views along the way.
Travel Tips
Best Time to Visit
The optimal time to visit Xiongdeng Monastery is from late spring to early autumn when the weather is mild, making outdoor activities more enjoyable.
Acclimatization
Due to the high altitude, it is crucial to acclimatize before visiting. Spend a day or two in Daocheng to adjust to the elevation and avoid altitude sickness.
Respect Local Customs
Visitors should dress modestly and respect local customs and traditions. Engaging with the monks and learning about their practices can enrich your experience.
Xiongdeng Monastery offers a unique glimpse into Tibetan culture and spirituality, set against a backdrop of breathtaking mountain scenery. Whether you’re interested in religious practices, cultural insights, or simply the natural beauty, this monastery is a must-visit destination in Daocheng County.