Xiannairi Holy Mountain in Daocheng County, Garze
Overview
Xiannairi (仙乃日), belonging to the southern section of the Hengduan Mountains—specifically the Shaluli Mountains, is located at the junction of Muli Tibetan Autonomous County and Daocheng County in Sichuan Province. Standing at 5,998.5 meters (as of 2023), it is the highest peak in the southern Shaluli Mountains and the fifth highest in Sichuan. The name “Xiannairi” translates to “Avalokiteshvara,” reflecting its significance in Tibetan Buddhism. The surrounding area features glacial landscapes, high mountain lakes, and is considered a sacred site by the local Tibetan communities.
Transportation
To reach Xiannairi, travelers typically fly to Chengdu (成都) and then take a connecting flight to Daocheng Yading Airport (稻城亚丁机场). From the airport, taxis or organized tours can be arranged to take visitors to the base of the mountain. For those driving, the journey from Chengdu takes approximately 12-14 hours by car, often via the scenic S303 route. Travelers should plan for possible altitude sickness due to the high elevation.
Travel Tips
- Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to visit is during the months of May to October when the weather is milder and the scenery is most vibrant.
- Altitude Preparation: Given its high elevation, acclimatization is essential. Spend a day or two at lower altitudes before hiking.
- Accommodation: Consider staying in guesthouses in Daocheng for a more authentic experience. Make reservations in advance during peak tourist seasons.
- Guided Tours: Hiring a local guide can enhance the experience, providing insights into the cultural and natural significance of the mountain.
- Respect Local Customs: Xiannairi is a sacred site; dress modestly and respect the spiritual practices of the Tibetan people.
Geological Formation
The Shaluli Mountains were formed due to the collision between the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates, leading to significant uplift during the Paleogene and Neogene periods. About three million years ago, intensified uplift created a fractured plateau characterized by hills and valleys, contributing to the unique geological features of Xiannairi.
Geographic Environment
Located in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau, Xiannairi is surrounded by stunning natural beauty, including wetlands and significant landmarks such as Chonggu Monastery (冲古寺) and Zhuoma Lake (卓玛拉措). The mountain is composed of green slate, sandstone, and limestone, giving it a distinct geological profile.
Mythology and Culture
Xiannairi is one of the “Three Sacred Mountains” of the Yading region and is regarded as a guardian mountain by the local Tibetan community. Legends state that those who pilgrimage to this mountain three times will have their wishes granted, highlighting its spiritual importance.
Climbing History
Climbing Xiannairi is challenging due to its rugged terrain and long ridges. As of 2004, no successful summits had been recorded. Attempts by Japanese teams in 1989 and 1991, as well as by American climbers, ended without success.
Local Legends
According to local mythology, the mountain is said to harbor treasures beneath its surface. A tale recounts a demon drawn to the mountain’s riches who was ultimately struck down by thunder, scattering precious gems across the landscape, leading to its nickname “the shining mountain.”
By visiting Xiannairi, travelers not only experience breathtaking natural scenery but also immerse themselves in the rich cultural heritage of the Tibetan people, making it a truly unique destination in Sichuan Province.
