Gongtan Ancient Town in Shuyang County, Chongqing

Gongtan Ancient Town, located in Shuyang County of Chongqing, is a captivating historical and cultural site that offers a rare glimpse into traditional Chinese life. Its well-preserved architecture, ethnic diversity, and scenic surroundings make it a popular destination for those seeking a more authentic and tranquil experience away from the bustling city life.

History and Origins of Gongtan Ancient Town

Early Beginnings

Gongtan dates back to over 1,000 years, with roots in the Tang Dynasty (618–907) and further development during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The town’s strategic location along the Wujiang River (乌江) played a crucial role in its development as a commercial and cultural hub. It became an important stop for traders traveling along the river and served as a crossroads for various ethnic groups, including the Miao, Tujia, and Han people.

Cultural Significance

Gongtan is often regarded as a living museum that preserves the region’s ethnic culture and ancient traditions. The town has managed to retain much of its historical charm, with local traditions passed down through generations. The streets, buildings, and customs of Gongtan offer visitors a chance to experience the lifestyle of a bygone era.

Attractions in Gongtan Ancient Town

1. Ancient Stone Bridges (古石桥)

The stone bridges in Gongtan are architectural marvels that have stood the test of time. These bridges, many built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, span the Wujiang River and connect various parts of the town. The most famous of these is the Gongtan Stone Bridge (巩滩石桥), which is not only an essential crossing point but also a beautiful symbol of the town’s enduring history. Visitors can enjoy breathtaking views of the river and the town from these bridges.

2. Traditional Architecture and Streets (传统建筑和街道)

The narrow, winding streets of Gongtan are lined with ancient stone houses, wooden shops, and temples, showcasing the town’s Ming and Qing architecture. The buildings are built in the traditional Hakka style, featuring wooden beams, carved windows, and slate roofs. The Old Street (巩滩老街) is particularly charming, with cobblestone paths, small markets, and traditional shops where visitors can purchase locally-made crafts and souvenirs.

3. Wujiang River (乌江)

The Wujiang River, which flows through Gongtan, provides both a picturesque setting and a means of transportation. Visitors can take boat rides along the river to explore the town from a different perspective, passing under the stone bridges and viewing the stunning landscapes of the surrounding hills. The river plays a central role in the town’s cultural and economic life, historically serving as a major trade route.

4. Fenghuang Mountain (凤凰山)

Fenghuang Mountain is a popular hiking spot located just outside the town. The mountain offers panoramic views of Gongtan and its surrounding landscapes. The hike to the top is relatively easy and provides stunning opportunities for photography, particularly during sunrise and sunset. The area is also home to diverse flora and fauna, making it a great spot for nature lovers.

5. Gongtan Old Temple (巩滩老庙)

The Gongtan Old Temple is a centuries-old structure that represents the town’s religious heritage. This temple is primarily dedicated to local deities and ancestral spirits. Visitors can explore the temple’s intricate carvings, ancient statues, and participate in local ceremonies. The temple is a peaceful and quiet place to experience the spiritual side of Gongtan.

6. Ethnic Minority Culture (民族文化)

Gongtan is home to several ethnic minority groups, primarily the Miao and Tujia peoples. The town’s festivals, rituals, and customs offer insight into the unique cultures of these groups. Visitors can witness traditional dances, hear ethnic music, and try local food that reflects the flavors of the region. One of the most notable aspects of Gongtan’s ethnic culture is the artistry of silverwork and weaving. Local artisans create intricate silver jewelry, embroidered textiles, and handwoven baskets, which are available for purchase in the town’s markets.

Best Time to Visit Gongtan Ancient Town

Spring (March–May)

Spring in Gongtan is mild and pleasant, making it the perfect time to explore the town’s outdoor attractions, such as the Wujiang River and Fenghuang Mountain. The weather is comfortable, and the landscape is lush and green, with flowers beginning to bloom.

Autumn (September–November)

Autumn offers the most beautiful scenery, as the surrounding hills are painted in shades of golden yellow and fiery red. The weather is still mild, and the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated during this season, offering an opportunity to experience local traditions and food.

Winter (December–February)

Winter is quieter and less crowded in Gongtan, making it a good choice for travelers looking for solitude. While the weather can be cold, it is an ideal time to explore the town’s indoor attractions, such as the temples and museums, and experience a peaceful, wintery atmosphere along the Wujiang River.

How to Get to Gongtan Ancient Town

By Car

Gongtan is located about 120 km from Chongqing, and the drive takes approximately 2.5 to 3 hours. The town is easily accessible by car, making it a great option for visitors who prefer to drive themselves. From Chongqing, take the Chongqing-Guizhou Expressway (渝贵高速), which connects to the Wujiang River region.

By Public Transport

There are buses from Chongqing to Gongtan that depart from the Chongqing Longtousi Bus Station (重庆龙头寺客运站). The journey takes about 3 hours, and the buses operate regularly throughout the day. Visitors can also take a bus to Shuyang County, then transfer to a local shuttle to reach the ancient town.

By Boat

For a more scenic experience, visitors can take a boat ride along the Wujiang River, which leads to the town. There are river cruises available from Chongqing that pass through Gongtan, offering stunning views of the town’s ancient stone bridges and surrounding hills.

Local Cuisine in Gongtan

Gongtan’s local cuisine features a mix of Miao and Tujia ethnic flavors, often characterized by spicy and sour tastes. Some of the must-try dishes include:

1. Miao Spicy Fish (苗族酸辣鱼)

This dish is a local favorite, featuring fish cooked with chili peppers, pickled vegetables, and garlic, giving it a bold and tangy flavor. It’s typically served with steamed rice.

2. Tujia Sausage (土家腊肠)

The Tujia-style sausage is made with pork, herbs, and spices, then smoked to give it a unique flavor. It’s often served with pickled vegetables and is a popular snack in Gongtan.

3. Steamed Dumplings (蒸饺)

These dumplings are filled with either meat or vegetables and are steamed to perfection. They are served with a spicy dipping sauce made from chili and garlic.

4. Rice Wine (米酒)

Gongtan produces its own variety of rice wine, which is often enjoyed during festivals and celebrations. This slightly sweet, fermented beverage pairs well with the town’s hearty dishes.

Cultural Festivals in Gongtan

Miao New Year

The Miao New Year is one of the most significant festivals in Gongtan. It is celebrated with traditional dances, singing, drumming, and feasting. The streets are filled with colorful costumes, and locals engage in rituals to honor their ancestors. This is a wonderful time to visit and experience the authentic Miao culture.

Dragon Boat Festival (端午节)

The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated with exciting boat races along the Wujiang River, where teams compete in traditional dragon boats. Locals also make and eat zongzi (粽子), a type of sticky rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves, a hallmark of this festival.

Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋节)

The Mid-Autumn Festival is another major celebration in Gongtan. The town hosts lantern displays and mooncake feasts. Visitors can enjoy these traditional activities and watch the townspeople celebrate with their families under the full moon.

Gongtan Ancient Town is a hidden gem in Chongqing, offering a blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Its ancient stone bridges, ethnic traditions, and peaceful river views make it an ideal destination for travelers seeking a deeper understanding of Chinese heritage. Whether you’re interested in exploring the town’s traditional architecture, sampling local cuisine, or hiking in the surrounding mountains, Gongtan provides a unique and enriching experience.